The world is truly a flat place. I don't mean this in a physical sense, but from a globalization perspective. The world has gotten smaller and smaller and smaller over the past century as barriers of communication have been broken down. In the book
The World is Flat, written by Thomas L. Friedman (op-ed columnist for NY Times) he reveals ten flatteners that have made this world a more convenient place in terms of communication. Each flattener is listed below along with why it is important. These historical occurrences and unique inventions have made it possible to even share this blog with you.
10) Fall of the Berlin Wall: This fall occurred in 1989 and ended the 28 year separation between East and West Germany. It eliminated the final fence that stood and opened up a world without boundaries. Six months later Windows came out with Windows 3.0 a global computer interface.
9) Netscape IPO: The first internet browser which lead to the creation of the first dot com boom in the mid 1990s and as a result opened up e-commerce to the global market.
8) Workflow Software: This is pretty much the flattener that let computers communicate with other computers without human interaction.
7) Open-sourcing: Friedman said that this was the most disruptive flattener of all. This involved the creation of applications made by multiple programmers and was shared via the internet. Examples are wikis, bulletin boards, blogs. This let people contribute and add their own content.
6) Outsourcing: Companies soon discovered ways to become more efficient by outsourcing their work to other countries at cheaper labor rates.
5) Offshoring: Manufacturing companies chose to locate their plants outside of the country because it was cheaper, but this of course has led to loss of jobs in the domestic country. It was another form of cheaper overseas labor.
4) Supply Chaining: To explain this one I am better off using an example. If I purchase a laptop in California that was distributed to California from Chicago, and was made originally in China, an indicator is formed in the store in California as a -1. Then this info is translated to the Chicago distributor and down the line to the manufacturer in China to produce one more unit or to have the Chicago distributor supply one more laptop unit to the California store. Supply chaining is a form of communication between producers and suppliers to maintain a proper balance of goods.
3) Insourcing: If I have a broken HP laptop, I need to have it fixed. Instead of sending it all the way to HP where an HP technician would fix it, I send it to the FedEx hub and a technician that is trained to fix HP laptops fixes it, saving time. It is basically employees trained to do multiple tasks. Another example is as follows in case the first was confusing: "Suppose an appliance manufacturer is contracted by an automotive manufacture to have their repair technicians trained to fix automobiles in addition to household appliances. It would be like having someone come to your home to fix your refrigerator and then turn around and fix your car." (Wiki -Friedman's Flatteners)
2) In-forming: This is simply the search engine, such as Google. Massive amounts of information can be found here within a few seconds.
1) The Steroids: iPods, mobile phones, instant messaging, VoIP, All analog to digital content, anything that has been digitized and is now easily transmittable via all of the aforementioned technological breakthroughs.(2-10)
For more details and interesting examples, read
The World is Flat.